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Non-farm payroll data reveals the true attitude of the Federal Reserve. In December, only 50,000 new jobs were added, a significant month-over-month decline of 76,000, marking the weakest performance since the pandemic. But this is not the most painful part—the unemployment rate actually dropped to 4.4%, a contradictory signal that has left the market completely confused.
Timiraos from the "New Federal Reserve News Agency" was very straightforward: this is paving the way for the Fed to pause in January. The market immediately responded, with the probability of rate cuts in January dropping to zero in the interest rate swap pricing. Traders have shifted their bets on the first rate cut from January to June. The two-year U.S. Treasury yield soared, and the entire market shifted into "wait-and-see mode."
Behind the data is an interesting contradiction. The total annual job growth was only 584,000, with private sector monthly gains averaging just 61,000—this is the weakest level since 2003. Yet, wage growth reached 3.8%, exceeding inflation expectations, making the labor market appear "seemingly ailing but actually holding up."
The key issue lies in human behavior. The decline in the unemployment rate is not mainly due to improved employment but because the labor force participation rate is decreasing—more and more people are "lying flat." Opinions among institutions vary; PGIM believes the Fed might "skip a" rate cut, while Natixis expects the pace of cuts to slow down.
The next variable is the March CPI data. Whether a rate cut can be achieved in June depends entirely on how inflation performs. The fate of the dollar hangs in the balance.